Cuentos musicales ilustrados y con soporte audio-visual: una experiencia interdisciplinar en los estudios de grado de Educación Infantil y Primaria

El Grup de Recerca en Arts i Educació (GRAE) de la Universitat de les Illes Balears lleva años poniendo en marcha proyectos interdisciplinares en los estudios de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria entre las materias de literatura, música, artes plásticas y nuevas tecnologías. Presentamos el proyecto llevado a cabo durante el curso 2012-2013 que se centró en el mundo de la narrativa. A partir de una muestra representativa de cuentos y narraciones universales cada estudiante de literatura escribió su propia narración. Estos textos fueron posteriormente ilustrados por los alumnos de artes plásticas y musicalizados por los de música. Los alumnos de nuevas tecnologías recogieron todo el proceso creativo en videos, entrelazando las diversas facetas del trabajo realizado. Finalmente, una selección de las narraciones se representaron en público, previamente dramatizadas por los alumnos de literatura y ambientadas por los alumnos de música. La evaluación del trabajo resalta la elevada motivación por parte del alumnado para llevar a cabo proyectos interdisciplinares, para ejecutar trabajos creativos en equipo y por la posibilidad de trasladar el trabajo que han realizado en su futura labor educativa en los centros de Infantil y Primaria

Passat, present i desig de futur del Nou Llevant – Soledat Sud: projecte artístic transdisciplinari ‘Re-habitar el barrio’

[cat] Aquest text pretén donar a conèixer el programa artístic transdisciplinari d’intervenció socioeducativa basat en la interconnexió universitat, escola i societat implementat en el barri Nou Llevant – Soledat Sud de Palma, en el marc del projecte I+D+i ‘Re-habitar el barrio’. Es presenta una aproximació a les característiques socioterritorials del Nou Llevant – Soledat Sud per conscienciar sobre el seu passat, present i futur. Finalment, es relacionen les accions artístiques-formatives dutes a terme fins al moment en el projecte i el seu abast pròxim.[spa] Este texto pretende dar a conocer el programa artístico transdisciplinar de intervención socioeducativa basado en la interconexión universidad, escuela y sociedad implementado en el barrio Nou Llevant-Soledad Sur de Palma, en el marco del proyecto I+D+i ‘Re-habitar el Barrio’. Se presenta una aproximación a las características socio-territoriales del Nou Llevant-Soledad Sur para concienciar sobre su pasado, presente y futuro. Finalmente, se relacionan las acciones artístico-formativas llevadas a cabo hasta el momento en el proyecto y su alcance próximo

Distribution of GABAergic Neurons and VGluT1 and VGAT Immunoreactive Boutons in the Ferret (Mustela putorius) Piriform Cortex and Endopiriform Nucleus. Comparison With Visual Areas 17, 18 and 19

We studied the cellular organization of the piriform network [comprising the piriform cortex (PC) and endopiriform nucleus (EP)] of the ferret (Mustela putorius)—a highly excitable region prone to seizures—and, more specifically, the distribution and morphology of different types of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons, and the distribution and ratio of glutamatergic and GABAergic boutons, and we compared our findings to those in primary visual area 17, and secondary areas 18 and 19. We accomplished this by using cytochrome oxidase and immunohistochemistry for mature neuronal nuclei (NeuN), GABAergic neurons [glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 (GAD67), calretinin (CR) and parvalbumin (PV)], and for excitatory (vesicular glutamate transporter 1; VGluT1) and inhibitory (vesicular GABA transporter; VGAT) boutons. In the ferret, the cellular organization of the piriform network is similar to that described in other species such as cats, rats and opossums although some differences also exist. GABAergic immunolabeling showed similarities between cortical layers I–III of the PC and visual areas, such as the relative distribution of GABAergic neurons and the density and area of VGluT1- and VGAT-immunoreactive boutons. However, multiple differences between the piriform network and visual areas (layers I–VI) were found, such as the percentage of GABAergic neurons with respect to the total number of neurons and the ratio of VGluT1- and VGAT-immunoreactive boutons. These findings are relevant to better understand the high excitability of the piriform network

Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer Syndrome in Spain: Clinical and Genetic Characterization

Simple Summary Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) syndrome is a very rare hereditary disorder characterized by cutaneous leiomyomas (CLMs), uterine leiomyomas (ULMs), renal cysts (RCys) and renal cell cancer (RCC), with no data on its prevalence worldwide. No genotype-phenotype associations have been described. The aim of our study was to describe the genotypic and phenotypic features of the largest series of patients with HLRCC from Spain reported to date. Of 27 FH germline pathogenic variants, 12 were not previously reported in databases. Patients with missense pathogenic variants showed higher frequencies of CLMs, ULMs and RCys, than those with loss-of-function variants. The frequency of RCCs (10.9%) was lower than those reported in the previously published series. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome (HLRCC) is a very rare hereditary disorder characterized by cutaneous leiomyomas (CLMs), uterine leiomyomas (ULMs), renal cysts (RCys) and renal cell cancers (RCCs). We aimed to describe the genetics, clinical features and potential genotype-phenotype associations in the largest cohort of fumarate hydratase enzyme mutation carriers known from Spain using a multicentre, retrospective study of individuals with a genetic or clinical diagnosis of HLRCC. We collected clinical information from medical records, analysed genetic variants and looked for genotype-phenotype associations. Analyses were performed using R 3.6.0. software. We included 197 individuals: 74 index cases and 123 relatives. CLMs were diagnosed in 65% of patients, ULMs in 90% of women, RCys in 37% and RCC in 10.9%. Twenty-seven different pathogenic variants were detected, 12 (44%) of them not reported previously. Patients with missense pathogenic variants showed higher frequencies of CLMs, ULMs and RCys, than those with loss-of-function variants (p = 0.0380, p = 0.0015 and p = 0.024, respectively). This is the first report of patients with HLRCC from Spain. The frequency of RCCs was lower than those reported in the previously published series. Individuals with missense pathogenic variants had higher frequencies of CLMs, ULMs and RCys

Brain edema and inflammatory activation in bile duct ligated rats with diet-induced hyperammonemia: A model of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis

Presented in part as a poster at 2005 Meeting EASL, Paris.Studies of the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy are hampered by the lack of a satisfactory animal model. We examined the neurological features of rats after bile duct ligation fed a hyperammonemic diet (BDL+HD). Six groups were studied: sham, sham pair-fed, hyperammonemic, bile duct ligation (BDL), BDL pair fed, and BDL+HD. The BDL+HD rats were made hyperammonemic via an ammonia-containing diet that began 2 weeks after operation. One week later, the animals were sacrificed. BDL+HD rats displayed an increased level of cerebral ammonia and neuroanatomical characteristics of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), including the presence of type II Alzheimer astrocytes. Both BDL and BDL+HD rats showed activation of the inflammatory system. BDL+HD rats showed an increased amount of brain glutamine, a decreased amount of brain myo-inositol, and a significant increase in the level of brain water. In coordination tests, BDL+HD rats showed severe impairment of motor activity and performance as opposed to BDL rats, whose results seemed only mildly affected. In conclusion, the BDL+HD rats displayed similar neuroanatomical and neurochemical characteristics to human HE in liver cirrhosis. Brain edema and inflammatory activation can be detected under these circumstances.Supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Convocatoria de RedesTematicas (G03/155 and C03/02); Conselleria de Sanitat, Escuela Valenciana para Estudios de la Salud (BM-004/2002); Organisme Public Valencia d’Investigacio, Ajudes per a Accions Especials (21-2002), Generalitat Valenciana,GV Grupos 03/053, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (GC-02-022)and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI03/0576).Peer reviewe

La eficacia de la terapia musical Vs. Diacepam para disminuir la ansiedad preoperatoria

La terapia musical puede y debe constituir una herramienta más del arsenal terapéutico actual del que se dispone para el tratamiento de distintas enfermedades. Es una terapia individual y coadyuvante de otras aceptadas como estándar a las que complementa pero no substituye. En el apartado 1, se hace una exhaustiva revisión histórica para situarnos y poder entender mejor el significado y objeto de la terapia musical y se describen las razones que han llevado a realizar este trabajo. En el apartado 2 se describe de forma genérica la importancia del arte como terapia. La música constituye una expresión artística y no es posible entender sus efectos terapéuticos (el efecto ansiolítico en nuestro caso) sin una explicación previa de la influencia y efectos del arte sobre el hombre. En el apartado 3 se explica por qué la música es terapéutica. Son muchas las teorías que intentan dar una explicación de los distintos efectos, entre ellos los terapéuticos, que la música produce sobre el cuerpo humano. En este apartado se explica cómo afecta a nuestro organismo a nivel tanto biológico como fisiológico, psicológico, intelectual, social y espiritual. El apartado 4 nos habla de las aplicaciones de la terapia musical. En particular, se hace una descripción de la terapia musical en el contexto de las intervenciones quirúrgicas. Una exposición del trabajo de G.A. Light nos hace comprender como en los años 50 se aplica de forma seria y profesional la terapia musical en EE.UU, así como referencias a trabajos publicados recientemente. El apartado 5 presenta las distintas fases de la intervención quirúrgica y como se ha aplicado la terapia musical en cada una de ellas. En este apartado no sólo se hace una mención de los trabajos que refuerza la hipótesis de esta tesis, sino también los trabajos cuyos resultados son contradictorios a los nuestros. No se han escatimados esfuerzos en la búsqueda bibliográfica ni en las valoraciones de los diferentes autores que han publicado sobre la terapia musical o musicoterapia. Podemos encontrar desde las últimas publicaciones hasta algunas no tan recientes, seleccionadas tras una detenida lectura y solo aquellas que a criterios de este doctorando merecían ser incluidas en base a la aportación que en uno u otro sentido realizaban. En el apartado 6 se explica donde y cuando se inicia la aplicación terapéutica de la música en el campo de la medicina y se explica detalladamente la importancia de disminuir la ansiedad en el período preoperatoria, ámbito concreto de aplicación de la terapia musical en este trabajo. En los apartados 7 y 8 se expone la hipótesis y sus objetivos de esta tesis. En el apartado 9 se explica el material y métodos (diseño del estudio) empleados en esta tesis: las variables utilizadas para medir los efectos, evaluación de la ansiedad, etc, así como el estudio estadístico empleado. Se ha utilizado el programa informático SPSS v17.0. Para la estadística descriptiva se usa porcentajes para las variables cualitativas y medias y desviación estándar para las cuantitativas. Para comparar la bondad de la aleatorización se ha utilizado el cálculo estadístico bivariable, con la χ2 para variables cualitativas y la t de Student para las cuantitativas, o sus equivalentes no paramétricas. En el apartado 10 se exponen los resultados obtenidos, y en los apartados restantes se realiza una discusión de estos resultados, se exponen posibles aplicaciones clínicas y se enumeran las conclusiones.Music therapy could and should constitute another tool of the current therapeutic arsenal available for the treatment of different diseases. It is one individual and adjuvant therapy of others, accepted as standard, which complements but does not replace them. In part 1, an exhaustive historical review is made to situate us and to a better understanding of the meaning and purpose of music therapy and it describes the reasons that have led to do this work. Part 2 describes, in a general way, the importance of art as therapy. Music is an artistic expression and it is not possible to understand its therapeutic effects (the anxiolytic effect in our case) without prior explanation of the influence and effects of art on humans. Section 3 explains why music is therapeutic. There are many theories that tries to give an explanation of the various effects, including the therapeutic one, which music produces on the human body. This section explains how it affects our body in biological, physiological, psychological, intellectual, social and spiritual level. Part 4 talks about music therapy’s applications. In particular, it is a music therapy description in surgical interventions context. An explanation of G.A. Light’s work makes us understand how in the 1950s was applied, in serious and professional ways, music therapy in the United States, as well as works’ references published recently. Section 5 presents the different phases of a surgical intervention and how the music therapy has been applied in each one of them. In this section it is not only made a mention of works which reinforces the hypothesis of this thesis, but also papers whose results are contradictory to our. It has spared no effort in bibliographic research and in the appraisals of the different authors who have published about music therapy. We can find the latest publications and even some not as recent, selected after a close reading and only those who deserve to be included, according to this PhD student criteria, based on the contribution that performed in one or another sense. In part 6 it is explained where and when begins the therapeutic application of music in medicine’s field and it is explained in detail the importance of reducing anxiety in preoperative period, specific field of music therapy applicated in this work. Parts 7 and 8 present the hypothesis and objectives of this thesis. Part 9 explains the material and methods (study design) used in this thesis: the variables used to measure effects, evaluation of anxiety, etc., as well as the statistical study employed. It has been used the computer program SPSS v17.0. For descriptive statistics, it is used percentages for the qualitative variables and mean and standard deviation for the quantitative. To compare randomization’s goodness it has been used statistical bivariate calculus, with the χ2 for qualitative variables and Student T for the quantitative, or their non-parametric equivalences. In section 10 it is presented the obtained results, and in the remaining parts it is made a discussion of these results, possible clinical applications are exposed and listed the conclusions

Hypothyroxinemia: A subclinical condition affecting neurodevelopment

Hypothyroxinemia with low levels of circulating free thyroxine and normal levels of thyrotropin, which is usually caused by iodine deficiency, may affect pregnant women even in apparently iodine-sufficient areas, and it is debated whether it increases the risk of neurodevelopmental abnormalities in children born to them. Epidemiological observations indeed indicate that this is the case. Animal models show abnormal brain cortical cytoarchitecture in pups born to mildly hypothyroxinemic dams. In regions where the availability and use of iodized salt is inadequate (where <90% of households use iodized salt), the WHO and the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (ICCIDD) recommend iodine supplementation so that the total iodine intake is 250 g/day to prevent iodine deficiency during gestation and lactation. © 2010 Expert Reviews Ltd.Peer Reviewe

Role of thyroid hormones in the maturation of interhemispheric connections in rats

Hipothyroidism causes mental retardation secondary to changes in the organization of the CNS. These changes affect higher brain functions for which interhemispheric transfer of information is crucial. In present study, the anterior commissure (AC) and corpus callosum (CC) of normal (C) and hypothyroid (H) rats has been examined using quantitative electron microscopy. H rats received an antithyroid treatment with methimazole from embryonic day 14 (E14) and surgical thyroidectomy at postnatal day 6 (P6). In the AC, the number of axons (unmyelinated and myelinated) increased from0.17 × 106 axons at E18 to1.08 × 106 axons at P4 and it was almost the same at P180 (1.01 × 106 axons). In H rats the number of axons between P14 and P180 was similar to that of C rats. In contrast, there were only 0.11 × 106 myelinated axons at P180 resulting in a 66% reduction with respect to C rats (0.36 × 106 axons). In the CC of C rats, the number of myelinated axons increased from 1.76 × 103 axons at P12 to 3.34 × 106 axons at P184. In H rats, there were only 0.84 × 106 axons at P184 resulting in a 76% reduction with respect to C rats. This reduction was more important in the posterior sector of the CC (95%) than in the rest (on average 63%). Therefore these results show that thyroid hormones play an important role in the processes involved in the maturation of commissural axons.A. Guadafio-Ferraz was recipient of a pre-doctoral fellowship of the >Generalitat Valenciana>. This work was supported by a grant of the Spanish DGICYT PB90-0561 to P. Berbel.Peer Reviewe